Common bash commands

typing this (if you're on a Mac)	or this (if you run Windows)	does this
`cd /`	`cd /`	takes you to the root directory
`cd ~`	no direct shortcut	takes you to your home directory
`cd ..`	`cd ..`	takes you up one level in your file directory
`cd ../../`	`cd ../../`	takes you up two levels in your file directory
`cd path/to/some/folder`	`cd path/to/some/folder`	take you to some folder on your computer
`tar -xvzf [fileName.tar.gz]`	`tar -xvzf [fileName.tar.gz]`	unzip a .tar file
`gzip [filename]`	`gzip [filename]`	Compresses a file to be filename.gz
`ls` and `ls -l` and `ls -a`	`ls` and `ls -l` and `ls -a` or `dir`	list all files and folders in your working diretory with info on permissions. -a option shows hidden files
`ls -l \| wc -l`	`ls -l \| wc -l`	counts files in a directory
`mv [fileName or folderName] [directory]`	`mv [fileName or folderName] [directory]`	Moves a file or folder to a new location. Important, if the new location doesn't exist then mv renames your file to the destination name
`du -a -h \| sort -hr`	no direct shortcut	lists all files and folders in your working directory sorted by size
`du -sh *`	`du -sh *`	simpler version of the command above. lists all files in a folder and shows their file size
`df -h`	`df -h`	view free/used disk space by drive
`tree -d`	`tree -d`	lists all files and folders in your working directory as a tree structure
`lsblk`	no direct shortcut	lists drives and their size (as well as used/free space on each)
pressing up arrow	pressing up arrow	recalls previous command
`chmod ### [fileName]`	`chmod ### [fileName]`	edits permissions on file. See graphic below for the appropriate numbers to use in place of ###
`chown [yourUserName] [fileName]`	`chown [yourUserName] [fileName]`	makes you the owner of a file
`chgrp [yourUserName] [fileName]`	`chgrp [yourUserName] [fileName]`	assigns you as the group for the file
`rm -rf [directoryName]`	`rm -rf [directoryName]`	removes a folder and all of its contents
`wget [URLtoFile]`	no direct shortcut	downloads a file from the web
`nano [file.txt]`	`nano [file.txt]`	opens up a text file in a text editor directly in your Bash application
`export PATH="/path/to/your/software/:$PATH"`	no direct shortcut	add a new piece of software to the system PATH so it is executable from anywhere
`alias something="something else"`	`doskey something=something else`	add lines like this to your ~/.bash_profile to create a keyboard shortcut, in this case typing 'something' actually does 'something else'